9 20 256 https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/66dd7b953a380a2897d29618f4958aa1.jpg 8372335b3a1c0ed8cb8254edbf057609 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document TALLAHASSEE- After a two-month investigation, Gov. Lawton Chiles had no doubts Thursday in signing another death warrant for Joseph “Crazy Joe” Spaziano, condemned for a mutilation-murder 22 years ago. Spaziano, 49, had been scheduled to die in Florida’s electric chair in late June, but the governor canceled the execution after media reports raised questions about the case. The Florida Department of Law Enforcement has been investigating since then. “This exhaustive review removes any doubt in my mind about this case,” Chiles said in a statement released by his office. The FDLE report backs up the conclusion of every court that ever heard the case, Chiles said. “Joseph Spaziano has received due process, and justice demands that he now face the consequences for the crimes he has committed,” Chiles said. The warrant is in effect from noon Sept. 19 through noon Sept. 26. The execution has been scheduled for 7 a.m. Sept. 21 at Florida State Prison near Starke. A Vermont law professor who represents Spaziano said he spoke with his client after learning about the warrant. “He’s terrified. He’s angry,” said Michael Mello of Wilder, Vt. “He asked me, ‘What should I be doing now?’ I said, ‘You and your family need to be preparing for your death.’” Mello called the FDLE investigation a wash. Spaziano was serving a life prison term for an unrelated rape conviction in 1975 when he was charged with the murder of Laura Lynn Haberts, whose sexually mutilated body had been found in a trash dump near Altamonte Springs on August 22, 1973. Another decomposed body was found in the dump, but it has ever been identified, and Spaziano faced no charges in that case. A jury convicted Spaziano of Haberts’ murder only after twice telling the judge they couldn’t reach a verdict. The jury voted 9-3 for life imprisonment, but Circuit Judge Robert McGregor sentenced Spaziano to death. One of the jurors said the panel favored the life sentence because of doubts about Spaziano’s guilt. The jury wasn’t told about Spaziano’s rape conviction. Three Florida governors have signed death warrants for Spaziano. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Bishop, Michelle Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Governor signs another death warrant for Spaziano Subject The topic of the resource Capitol punishment Chiles, Lawton, 1930-1998 Description An account of the resource Joseph Spaziano is served another death warrant despite doubts about his guilt Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Associated Press Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Governor Signs Another Death Warrant for Spaziano." The Gainesville Sun. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 dpi Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, Fl https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/5802a40a29ad8b9e894f9cf8ad8f426d.jpg 1b441fb78df1dff4de3332ce38ccd645 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joe Spaziano gets fifth death warrent Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joe capital punishment Description An account of the resource An updating of the case of Joe Spaziano as he receives his fifth death warrant, and a recounting of the last few events surrrounding Spaziano's trial. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Moss, Bill Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. Petersburg Times Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 25-08-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource 2 JPGs Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 300 Language A language of the resource English https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/fc1effd8b4340f4f071fef85d0479b08.jpg 3a2954efb5cc1442c670b5bdd0795e5a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Godfrey, Sarah Text Any textual data included in the document Tallahasse- Gov. Lawton Chiles signed a fifth death warrant Thursday for Joseph Robert "Crazy Joe" Spaziano, the Outlaws motorcycle gang member who was condemned to die for the 1973 rape and murder of an Orlando hospital clerk. Chiles based his decision on a new report from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement which he ordered after news reports raised questions about Spaziano's guilt. The report was intended to remove that cloud of doubt; instead it created a new firestorm because the governor decided to keep it secret. Spaziano's attorneys argue that he was wrongly convicted based on testimony from a drugged-out teenager elicited under hypnosis by prosecutors. But Chiles said the two-month investigation by the FDLE showed the prosecution was fair and the evidence was strong. "This exhaustive review removes any doubt in my mind about this case," Chiles said. "This review upholds the finding of every court that has heard this case- Joseph Spaziano has received due process and justice demands that he now face the consequences for the crimes he has committed." Interviews with 25 witnesses, according to Chiles' aides, provided new evidence that Spaziano raped, murdered and sexually mutilated 18-year-old Laura Lynn Harberts in 1973. Spaziano's lawyers were outraged that the governor refused to release the report or identify the witnesses who talked to investigators. "I am saddened that American law has reached the level where people can die based on anonymous reports which can't be cross-examined, (in which) names are withheld, and the truth of which is never tested in public," said Patrick Doherty, a Clearwater attorney. Chiles stayed the execution June 15 after a report in the Miami Herald cast doubt about Tony Dilisio's testimony against Spaziano, and editorials in the Herald and St. Petersburg Times urged a delay in the execution. Dilisio, who has a history of heavy drinking and drug use, told the Herald that he could not recall Spaziano taking him to see the bodies of two women at a dump near Altamonte Springs, a key piece of testimony. The signing of a fifth death warrant leaves Spaziano with little hope of avoiding the electric chair Sept. 19, one week before his 50th birthday. The only death row inmates to have survived more than four warrants were Willie Darden, who was executed in March 1988 on his seventh warrant, and Raymond Clark, electrocuted in November 1990 on his fifth warrant. Pending in the state Supreme Court are Spaziano's appeals to strike down the testimony elicited under hypnosis and to win a new trial based on Dilisio's reported recanting of his 1974 statements. But his lawyers conceded in June that their best hope was a clemency decision from the governor. Now it's the secrecy of the document Chiles used in making his decision that could give defense lawyers a new grounds for appeal. Doherty said he will confer with co-counsel Michael Mello about a motion seeking the FDLE report. "I don't know whether it's true, whether it's false, whether it's exaggerated, whether the people making these statements are sane or insane, whether they themselves have made deals," he said. "I don't have any information that would bear on whether it's credible or believable. That's what should keep Floridians awake at night. Because if it could happen to Mr. Spaziano it could happen to you or your child or anybody else." Mello, a Vermont law school professor who began representing Spaziano in 1983 when he practiced law in Florida, said it's particularly troubling he can't get courts to hear his client while the state's law enforcement agency "manufactured" new evidence that sealed Spaziano's fate. The report "has the indicia of unreliability all over it," Mello said. "Dexter Douglass, Chiles' general counsel, said the report is confidential under state law as part of a clemency. "There's another reason in this case," he said. "Several of the people they interviewed would not give statements except with the understanding they were protected because of fear for their lives." [Photograph; photo caption]: Joseph Spaziano is scheduled to be executed Sept. 19. Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joe Spaziano gets fifth death warrant Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Spaziano, Joe Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 dpi Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Fredericksburg, Va Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-25 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Moss, Bill Description An account of the resource An updating of the case of Joe Spaziano as he receives his fifth death warrant, and a recounting of the last few events surrrounding Spaziano's trial. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Moss, Bill, “Joe Spaziano gets fifth death warrant,” St. Petersburg (Mary Washington College, Fredericksburg, VA), August 25, 1995. Bill Moss capital punishment death penalty Death warrant eye witness Florida death penalty Gov. Lawton Chiles Joe Spaziano murder rape reasonable doubt St. Petersburg Times stay of execution trial https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/b623fe5db2841f38685de43925d176a1.jpg f5161ae193c29a973f0e8c8cb04feae5 https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/c145c27ad65e883e9ccc708f4297cb4b.jpg 092597efba95011f958f2d5922db532b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document These cutouts from the Tampa Tribune reports the order from governor Lawton Chiles of Tallahassee to execute "Crazy" Joe Spaziano after new evidence from unknown witnesses turned up in the case. Chiles, from the new evidence reported is quoted as being certain that the murders were of Spazianos doing. Spaziano had till this point appealed to the courts a total of 16 times, all of these appeals eventually being rejected. The evidence did not settle well with Spazianos attorney, Michael Mello as he believed the evidence was fraudulent. The case had garnered national attention and Mello had managed to take it to the Florida Supreme Court after many outlets spoke out against the prospect of execution. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Helms, Brendan Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chiles orders execution of killer Subject The topic of the resource Chiles, Lawton Spaziano, Joe Description An account of the resource Governor Chiles orders the execution of Joe Spaziano after new evidence from witnesses is presented. Spaziano's attorney, Michael Mello, is reported as believing this information from the witnesses is fraudulent. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Metz, Kevin Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Tampa Tribune Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-25 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/9527903e1c8978ce8a0f59344070a78c.jpg fdc007b3ce6410d831d2416bf842f801 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [handwritten] Sunday- Aug. 27 [handwritten] St. Pete Times A man may die under cover of secrecy Martin Dyckman If Joe Spaziano had a fair trial, so did the Salem witches. For 302 years, no other American has been put to death on the unsupported testimony of an addled teenager. The state’s only witness now insists he lied under the influence of police pressure, hypnosis and possibly drugs at Spaziano’s murder trial 20 years ago. Yet the governor has ordered Spaziano’s electrocution to proceed Sept. 21. I do not understand how Lawton Chiles, a decent and considerate man, can be so certain. Even the jurors weren’t. They recommended life. Because this killing will be done in our names, we had all better pray that Spaziano really is the man who raped and butchered Laura Lynn Harberts, an Orlando hospital clerk, and left her body at a trash dump. But even if he is, there are serious implications that will outlive him. It will be the first time in memory that someone went to his death on the strength of secret evidence. Secret evidence! Even the Salem witches were condemned entirely in public. The governor has a Florida Department of Law Enforcement Report supposedly showing that the key witness, Tony DiLisio, was telling the truth then (and not now) when he testified that Spaziano took him to the dump and boastfully showed him the corpses of Harberts and another woman who was never identified. The FDLE’s new witnesses have never been heard or cross-examined in any court, however. They never will be, if the governor has his way, because the FDLE promised them confidentiality. It is claimed they are afraid of Spaziano’s former associates in the Outlaws motorcycle gang. This may be true. Still, courts have ways of putting witnesses on the stand without jeopardizing them. For example, one of the governor’s secret witnesses is said to be another former Outlaw already in the federal government’s witness protection program as an FBI informant. He says - according to the governor’s news release - that Spaziano had admitted to him before standing trial that he had killed the two women and had showed their bodies to a young man who he feared would betray him. Very interesting. For all we know, it could have been this witness himself who killed the women. The governor’s secret witnesses also supposedly include friends and family members who assert that the police and their lay hypnotist didn’t manipulate DiLisio and that he told the story he now denies before the hypnosis, before the trial, and for 20 years since. That too maybe true. But that governor’s secret evidence also includes the FDLE’s videotape of a June 14 interview with DiLisio in which he insists in forceful terms that what he says NOW is the truth. Such conflicts belong in open court rather than a secret file – especially when a life is at stake. I haven’t seen the tape. I do have what purports to be a transcript, sent by Spaziano’s attorney, Michael Mello, who has filed his bootleg copy of the tape with the Florida Supreme Court under seal. In the transcript, DiLisio says of the crucial visit to the dump that “The cops brought me there. I had never been there in my life until they brought me there.” Did Spaziano ever take him? “No, never.” Had he ever told the police anything before being hypnotized? “No, all the facts that I had I got from them to be able to read them back to them.” Throughout the transcript, the FDLE’s crack agent repeatedly refers to Spaziano as “Foranzo,” ”Sporanzo,” or “Spilanzo,” until DiLisio eventually corrects him. Could that be one of the reasons the governor doesn’t want the file made public? What else did the FDLE get wrong? And what has happened to the nation’s best open-government laws? Relying on a 1993 revision that caught the media lobby napping, Chiles invokes a total exemption for any record having to do with executive clemency. How convenient. Clemency happens to be one of the black holes of American jurisprudence. The Supreme Court won’t touch it. For all the courts care, the governor could go to Doak Campbell stadium at halftime and let the crowd decide Spaziano’s fate with thumbs up or thumbs down, Roman style. The governor’s spokesman, Ron Sachs, tried to persuade me it’s not a secret report because the governor and his staff have reviewed it “thoroughly.” Indeed. Much as we all love and respect Lawton Chiles, secrecy is a petri dish for corruption as well as for honest miscarriages of justice. Under such cover, a less trustworthy administration easily could sell pardons. It happened in Tennessee under Ray Blanton. Only the Florida Supreme Court, it appears, can now interrupt this fatal farce. Though the court no longer allows hypnotically induced testimony in criminal trials, it has refused to reopen Spaziano’s case on the grounds that his lawyers raised the issue too late. The state would argue that DiLisio’s recantation also comes too late. But, God help us all, what if he is telling the truth? Martin Dyckman is associate editor of the St. Petersburg Times. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A man may die under cover of secrecy Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joe Capital punishment Description An account of the resource Joe Spaziano's execution is still likely to occur even though the only witness recanted his testimony. Most of the evidence that Governor Lawton Chiles has to condemn Spaziano has not been made publicly available or brought to court. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dyckman, Martin Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Dyckman, Martin. "A man may die under cover of secrecy." St. Petersburg Times. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant St. Petersburg, FL Evidence Joe Spaziano https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/86bc344cabc05589b38027186ae86b66.jpg c116f6a7090dba168f2f3670557fcbc9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document A defense lawyer plans to challenge the secret state investigation that led Gov. Lawton Chiles to sign a new death warrant last week for “Crazy Joe” Spaziano. The basic problem with the secret report, said law professor Michael Mello, representing the condemned man: It’s the only part of the state’s case against Spaziano that’s still intact. At the very least, Spaziano should be allowed to read it and challenge it before it’s used as a justification to kill him, Mello said Monday. Replied Deputy Attorney Gen-eral Pete Antonacci: “We’re defending the governor. We think the governor acted prop-erly, and we think the warrant is viable and should be carried out.” The latest twists in the long case began two months ago, when the key trial witness against Spa-ziano recanted his testimony. At the trial, a teenaged Anthony Dilisio testified that Spaziano took him to a rural trash dump to show off the remains of murdered hospital clerk Laura Harberts. But Dilisio apparently didn’t recall details of the gruesome scene until he had been questioned extensively by police and hypnotized twice. Now, he says the memory was fabricated and his testimony was coached by investigators. In the wake of the revelations, Chiles postponed Spaziano’s exe-cution and ordered the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to examine the case. Last week, Chiles signed another death war-rant for September after FDLE agents reported that several peo-ple--who were promised confi-dentiality by the state--recalled hearing statement that impli-cated Spaziano around the time of the murder. Mello said he’ll add the chal-lenge to his pending appeal before the state Supreme Court. But Mello says he’s not planning to pursue further appeals in the fed-eral district court if the current petition is rejected. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Payne, Shannon Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 'Crazy Joe' defense to dispute secret probe Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McKinnon, John D. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-29 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Woodland Park, NJ Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Description An account of the resource On Tuesday August 29, 1995, "Crazy Joe" Spaziano's defense lawyer Michael Mello challenges death warrant. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived McKinnon, John D. "'Crazy Joe' defense to dispute secret probe." The Herald (Woodland Park, New Jersey), August 29, 1995. "Crazy Joe" Spaziano capital punishment death penalty defense lawyer Michael A. Mello https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/bf3973aa4bcbdae112f27b984c158075.jpg 8dea838a50aa6fbca2c878a857ba8e53 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [[Start Page]] TALLAHASSEE-- An agency that finds volunteer lawyers to handle appeals for inmates on death row is closing its doors in anticipation of losing its $1.5 million in federal funding. Tallahassee-based Volunteer Laywers' Post-Conviction Defenders Organization, which recently handled the unsuccessful appeal of Bernard Bolander, has been laying off staff and trying to find attorneys to take over the 50 cases on its books before losing its doors Sept. 30, Matthew Lawrey, the center's co-director said Tuesday. All but eight of the agency's original 23 staff members have been laid off as the center set about implementing a directive from the Administrative Office of the Federal Courts to begin an orderly shutdown. The office formerly called the Resource Center, is one of 20 such centers being shutdown across the nation. Earlier this summer, the Republican-led House Appropriations Committee eliminated the $20 million in funding for the centers that handled the appeals of about half of the nation's 3,000 death row inmates. In a letter to attorney Mike Mello, who represents death row inmate Joe Spaziano, agency co-director Jennifer Greenberg wrote the group will be unable to help in assisting with Spaziano's appeal or with the investigation of issues in his case. Spaziano is scheduled to die Sept. 21. Unlike some other states-- such as Texas -- Florida has a state agency, the Office of Capital Collateral Representative, which also handles death row inmates' appeals. Mike Minerva, head of CCR, said he doesn't yet know how the closing of the lawyers' organization will affect his caseload. "It may leave some clients without counsel," Minerva said. His office said it would be able to handle most of the cases, if it receives additional funding. Some cases, he said, such as those of co-defendants, have to be handled by someone else, to avoid conflict-of-interest problems. Right now, CCR is handling appeals for about half of Florida's 350 death row inmates. [[End Page]] Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Huber, Amanda Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Agency that helps inmates on death row to close doors Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Language A language of the resource English Subject The topic of the resource Death row Description An account of the resource In Tallahassee Florida an agency is being shut down that helps inmates on death row. The agency is losing its federal funding and cannot keep its doors open for inmates. Another agency in Florida is going to attempt to take over the caseload. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Associated Press Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, FL Florida Death Row https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/e5c88028caa10544cafb60bedb3af005.jpg 9df7c369870ad5f8a7eb504960a8acbc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 3, 1995 Text Text Any textual data included in the document Tallahassee -- Citing lack of money and time, the lawyer for condemned killer Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano has asked The Florida Bar whether he should remove himself from the case. In a letter to the Florida Supreme Court, Michael Mello said his job as a law professor and his inability to hire full-time secretaries. researchers or investigators may hinder his ability to represent Spaziano. Also Tuesday, the governor's legal counsel said he may release part of a Florida Department of Law Enforcement report that Gov. Lawton Chiles cited to justify signing Spaziano's fifth death warrant last week. The former motorcycle gang member is scheduled to be executed Sept. 21 for the 1973 murder and mutilation of Laura Lynn Harberts, an 18-year-old Orlando hospital clerk. Her body was dumped in rural Seminole County, near Altamonte Springs. General Counsel Dexter Douglass said he had no objection to releasing an edited report of the FDLE findings "if we can be assured that this would not expose these witnesses to harm." Any version released would have witnesses' naems removed, he said. Chiles' spokesman Ron Sachs said the governor is wary of releasing the report in any form but would consult with Douglass. The Orlando Sentinel, The Miami Herald and The St. Petersburg Times have asked for the report, in which several witnesses corroborate the original testimony of a key witness against Spaziano who recently changed his story. Chiles ordered the report kept secret as part of a clemency request filed by Mello. Douglass said another piece of the Spaziano inquiry -- a videotaped interview made this summer with witness Anthony Dilisio, who says 1976 trial testimony was manufactured by police Please see SPAZIANO, C-4 Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Cary, Colton Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano's lawyer wants off case Subject The topic of the resource Law Description An account of the resource Lawyer for Joseph Spaziano, Michael Mello, asks The Florida Bar if he should remain on the case. Due to lack of time and money, Mello finds this case hindered. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michael Griffin Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Orlando Sentinel Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-08-30 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Joe Spaziano Law Michael A. Mello https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/c8cc675c93ee871afae46da140419629.jpg 1a1759ad70f0a87e71f7d754a1eeaf99 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document Spaziano's lawyer says state lied Michael Mello claims Gov. Chiles' office misrepresented a key witness' videotaped statement. The governor's office denies the charge. By Diane Rado TALLAHASSEE – A war of words has erupted and last-ditch paperwork mounts at the court-house as convicted killer Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano heads toward death in Florida's electric chair. Spaziano's attorney has asked the Florida Supreme Court to halt the Sept. 21 execution and make public a secret police investigation that led to a new death warrant for Spaziano. In a series of motions filed this week, attorney Michael Mello also accuses Gov. Lawton Chiles' office of lying, possibly tampering with evidence and selectively leaking information about the case, among other things. The governor's office denies the charges and is appalled by a recent memo written by Mello. The memo, addressed to colleagues in Florida who deal with death cases, is a blunt, sometimes vulgar assessment about strategy on the Spaziano case. Among other things, Mello describes the U.S. Supreme Court as "those robed a--h----," and former Gov. Bob Graham, now a U.S. senator, as "the original wimp who transformed himself into a national political force and who did so on the charred bodies of our clients." "As a lawyer, I was appalled. As a human being, I found it impossible to believe somebody could be this way," said Dexter Douglass, the governor's general counsel who got a copy of the Aug. 27 memo from Mello. Mello isn't apologizing for the memo. "It's a candid and blunt assessment of an extraordinarily difficult tactical and moral decision that I had to make and that Joe Spaziano had to make," Mello said in an interview Thursday. The memo describes a decision not to take Spaziano's case to the federal courts because Spaziano is not likely to get a stay of execution there. Mello generally says about the federal courts, "F--- ' em." In the end, Mello says, Chiles should bear responsibility for executing Spaziano, not the courts. "I want him to know that, no matter how much good he did in the Senate and in the governor's mansion, it will all be eclipsed by this; it will all be outweighed by his killing this man." Controversy has been growing since this summer over Spaziano, the Outlaws motorcycle gang member condemned to die for the 1973 rape and murder or Orlando hospital clerk Laura Lynn Harberts. The star witness in the case, Anthony Dilisio, recanted his testimony, telling reporters he lied when he said Spaziano had shown him the bodies of Harberts and another woman at a dump. Chiles canceled Spaziano's execution June 27 and asked the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to investigate. The FDLE investigation persuaded Chiles to sign a fifth death warrant for Spaziano last week, but the governor's office has refused to release the investigation. Mello asked the Florida Supreme Court this week to force the release of the investigation. He said he has already discovered that the governor's general counsel, Douglass, lied to reporters about the contents of a videotaped interview of Dilisio on June 14. In the interview, according to a transcript Mello filed with the court, Dilisio doesn't remember a lot of details about the trial. But he does recant his previous testimony about Spaziano bringing him to the dump where the women's bodies were. He said police manipulated him and brought him there. "I had never been there in my life until they brought me there. And they made it look like that a guy that they arrested, Crazy Joe, brought me there," Dilisio said. Mello says in his court motions that Douglass told reporters that Dilisio did not recant his testimony in the videotape – a statement he characterizes as a lie. "The obvious question becomes: If Chiles' office lied about the videotape, why should we believe any of their other new "evidence" – especially when they insist on cloaking it in secrecy," Mello wrote. Douglass said he has not lied about the Spaziano case. "I could be mistaken, but I didn't lie. I'm sure it's all a matter of interpretation," Douglass said. "I'm not getting into any arguments with this man (Mello)," Douglass added. Mello obtained a copy of the videotape through an independent source and sent it to the Supreme Court sealed. Now, he has informed the court he no longer wants the tape sealed because the governor's office or the FDLE leaked into the Orlando Sentinel, which has written editorials in favor of Spaziano's execution. As a result, the court will release the tape for viewing today. [[1976 headshot of spaziano-image]] Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano is scheduled to be executed Sept. 21. Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Cavolt, Jessica Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano's lawyer says state lied Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rado, Diane Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-01 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Language A language of the resource English Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Description An account of the resource Michael Mello, Spaziano's lawyer accuses Governor Chiles' office of lying and possibly tampering with evidence. Star witness in the case recants statement. Subject The topic of the resource Joe Spaziano Capital Punishment Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Rado, Diane. “Spaziano's lawyer says state lied.” St. Petersburg Times, September 1, 1995. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, FL Anthony Dilisio capital punishment death penalty Gov. Lawton Chiles Spaziano https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/e44562e3d27c75a9d0797075351661e1.jpg 3de09cd734e1fc3586abddc893c062a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document Spaziano prepares for death -Even though a witness in his case retracted key testimony, the convicted murderer reportedly fears the worst. By Diane Rado TALLAHASSEE - He has been on Florida's death row for nearly 20 years, outliving four death warrants and steadfastly proclaiming his innocence. But even Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano knows the end is near. Despite a stunning recantation of testimony from a star witness in his case, Spaziano is preparing for death in Florida's electric chair on Spet. 21, his attorney says. "He's trying to take care of unfinished business; trying to make things right with some of his family members he's had fallings out with; trying to make provisions for his daughter (Now in her 20s)," said his attorney Michael Mello, who speaks to his client every day, twice a day, at 3 and 7 p.m. Gov. Lawton Chiles has signed a fifth death warrant for Spaziano, the Outlaws motorcycle gang member condemned to die for the 1973 rape and murder of Orlando hospital clerk Laura Lynn Harberts, 18. Her mutilated body was found partly covered with leaves and trash in a dump in Seminole County. Only one person, WIllie Darden, his made it past the fifth warrant. Darden was executed on his seventh warrant in March 1988. Spaziano knows that. "He alternates between sort of jocularity, joking around, and sort of what I characterize as white hot terror," Mello said Friday. "He talks about dying, how he wants his brothers and sisters in the (Outlaws) club to be there. He talks a lot about his family, his mother." Mello said he has asked Spaziano's ex-wife to gather all the letters she has received from Spaziano over the years and send him all those in which Spaziano declares his innocence. Mello said e doesn't know yet what he will do with the letters. Controversy over the Spaziano case has grown this summer, since witness Anthony Dilisio recanted his testimony of 20 years ago. Dilisio is telling reporters he now couldn't recall Spaziano taking him to the dump and showing him bodies of Harberts and another woman. The testimony was a key link between Spaziano and the crime scene. Chiles canceled Spaziano's execution June 27 and ased the Florida Department of Law Enforecement to investigate. The controversy grew. In fear that witnesses interviewed could be in danger, the governor refused to make public the FDLE report, which hi aides said reinforced Dilisio's original story and linked Spaziano to the murder victim. Mello has asked the Supreme Court to open the secret investigation, allow a new hearing on the case and halt Spaziano's execution. The motions are pending. Friday, the Supreme Court allowed the release of videotaped FDLE interview of Dilisio. In the interview, DIlisio clearly recants his prior testimony on the case and says police, not Spaziano, brought hiim to the dump where the women's bodies were found. Dilisio, now 38, sits next to his lawyer in the tape, wearing a print shirt and speaking articulately, sometimes passionately, about the last 20 years of feeling angry, guilty, and afraid of retribution for testifying against Spaziano. He was just a kid at the time of the Harberts murder, he says, taken out of juvenile detention and treated like a "king" by authorities when then manipulated him, hypnotized him, and possibly drugged him to get crucial testimony against Spaziano. "I'm just totally disgusted you know, I'm just trying to look at this. I've got kids right now. I can't imagine somebody doing this to them. Something to my kids, using them, you know, for their own game like I feel was done to me," Dilisio says, "I coudln't imagine. It's insanity." He says the case changed his life. "This has been a pretty dramatic experience in my life. And I, and I mean I wish that it'd never happen to me, but it did happen to me. Okay, it did, it happened. And I'm tired of carrying it around." Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Palomo, Francisco Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano prepares for death Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-02 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Florida Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Spaziano, Joe Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rado, Diane Description An account of the resource Spaziano prepares for his execution by trying to mend relationships with family and making provisions for his daughter. Controversy over his case has grown since key witness Anthony Dilisio recanted his testimony. Dilisio speaks about his feelings of anger, guilt, and fear of retribution for testifying. https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/fd8003073e343572ea4b0d371566318d.jpg d36aade3add45618376dd5bb9d236e88 https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/84bf395ca77754b3345da5e8e029c5d4.jpg a42455caea2fd025bd17caad2784381c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Vol. No./Issue No. Volume and issue number for the newspaper (if available) vol. 68, issue 5 Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Friedrich, Alex Text Any textual data included in the document [first page] [heading] Case shows changing role of governors in death appeals By John D. McKinnon Herald Legal Correspondent [start of the first column] TALLAHASSEE -- Joe Spaziano, scheduled to die this month in Florida's electric chair, is a wrongly-convicted man, his attorney argues, a mistake the state wants to bury. But What's just as bad, his lawyer says, is the way Florida officials are going about it: By using secret evidence to justify Spaziano's execution, they're burying the whole case. "A constitutional abomination," gripes Michael Mello, Spaziano's volunteer lawyer. Without intending to, state officials also have thrust the Spa- [end of the first column] [start of the second column] How should inmates' belated claims of innocence be handled? [text] ziano case into the middle of one of the hottest debates in death penalty law. The question is this: As more and more condemned inmates raise belated and frequently bogus claims of innocence, how should the system handle them? In particular, as judges make it [start of the third column] harder for inmates to raise such claims in court, how should governors still have unchecked powers in matters of life and death, like kings of old? Or should governors be forced to hear the prisoners' pleas all over again? In Florida, the question came up when Gov. Lawton Chiles signed a new death warrant for Spaziano based on the results of a confidential investigation by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Chiles asked for the investigation after the key [end of the third column] PLEASE SEE SPAZIANO, 10A [heading] Critics question use of 'secret' evidence to justify execution SPAZIANO, FROM 1A [start of the first column] witness in Spaziano's trial 20 years ago recanted his testimony. Spaziano, an Outlaws motorcycle gang member, was convicted in 1975 of murdering an 18-year-old Orlando woman, Laura Harberts. But the key witness at trial, Tony DiLisio, said in June that he wasn't shown Harberts' body by Spaziano as he had testified, but was manipulated by police and a government-hired hypnotist. According to summaries of the FDLE investigation, the agency has located people who said they recalled hearing statements over the years that implicated Spaziano. None of the witnesses have been identified, none of their statements have been disclosed. Few, if any, of the statements appear to be admissible in court because they're hearsay. Those that might be admissible come from a former biker who's in a federal witness protection program -- just the sort of witness that juries often disbelieve. The state's Public Records Law specifically allows clemency records to be kept secret and Chiles says he intends to keep the names and statements in the investigation confidential. Some of the witnesses were promised anonymity, out of fear of the Outlaws, officials say. That hasn't been enough to satisfy some death penalty critics. "It seems as if there's something that he's hiding," said Kica Matos, research director for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund's Capital Punishment Project. "It sure ain't fair," said William T. Geimer, a Washington and Lee University law professor and nationally recognized death penalty expert. Maybe. But is it legal? Based on the courts' traditional approach to the death penalty experts say, the answer would appear to be: Yes. "The problem is that the courts -- the federal courts and the Supreme Court especially -- have always been extremely reluctant to say anything to governors about how to conduct their business at the end of a death-penalty case," says Hugo Adam Bedau, a Tufts University professor. That tradition is under growing pressure, experts say, as condemned inmates raise more and more claims of innocence, and federal judges are finding more and more ways to avoid hearing them. Such claims have been multiplying as wily death-penalty appeal lawyers shift their focus from attacking capital-punishment laws to attacking the facts of their clients' cases. And innocence claims have a [end of the first column] [start of the second column] big advantage, appeals lawyers have found: After 10 or 15 years, even solid murder cases become vulnerable to assault. Evidence corrodes or breaks down. Police lose their files. A surprising number of people turn up who are able or willing to take the rap -- for instance, other inmates who are suffering from terminal illness or who've died. That has happened more than once in recent years, to the enormous frustration of officials like Chiles. "The [death penalty lawyers] are good," Chiles said in a recent interview with the Herald editorial board. "They have something in every one of these cases." While Florida's Supreme Court has remained relatively [end of the second column] [start of the third column] open to new claims of innocence, many other judges -- especially federal judges -- are getting fed up. "They've become convinced that all the innocence issues anyone raises are fraudulent," says Bruce Ledewitz, a Duquesne University law professor and a noted capital punishment opponent. The problem is, Ledewitz argues, the federal courts "haven't yet come up with any system that winnow out the good claims from the bad ones. They've just decided to execute everyone." The federal courts' resistance to innocence claims crystalized in a case called Herrera vs. Collins, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1993. In the Herrera case, the high court [end of the third column] [start of the fourth column] decided that federal courts didn't have to hear most belated claims of innocence in old capital cases because that's what state governors were for. And that's created the latest legal issue for Spaziano. "The Herrera decision blesses governors as a part of the capital punishment process," explains Geimer, the Washington and Lee University professor. "So if they are now going to be a part of the process, the next question is, are there going to be rules? Can you have a secret investigation?" Contends Daniel T. Kobil, a law professor at Capital University in Ohio: "It seems to me that if the governor's clemency power is to serve as a failsafe in our constitutional system, it has to be administered in a fundamentally [end of the fourth column] [start of the fifth column] fair way. This one-sided, secretive procedure the Florida governor is engaging in seems to me to fall far short of that." Spaziano's lawyer, Vermont law professor Mello, is making exactly that argument to the state Supreme Court in seeking to se the report. "He doesn't have any right to look at it," replies Dexter Douglass, the governor's general counsel. "The governor's not a court." Mello is a former West Palm Beach public defender. [end of article] Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Case shows changing role of governors in death appeals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McKinnon, John D. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived McKinnon, John D. "Case shows changing role of governors in death appeals." The Miami Herald, September 2, 1995, A1. Language A language of the resource English Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-02 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, FL Description An account of the resource As a result of the 1993 U.S. Supreme Court case, Herrera vs. Collins, state governors became the designated figures to acknowledge the most belated claims of innocence in old capital cases. However, after Tony DiLisio recanted his previous testimony, which incriminated Joe Spaziano, Gov. Lawton Chiles signed a new death warrant for Spaziano based on evidence gathered from a confidential investigation by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. By using secret evidence to reinforce Spaziano’s execution, death-penalty critics believe Chiles’ actions to be unconstitutional. Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Spaziano, Joe https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/efc922b9a5eac76a3da2920147d1ab6e.jpg 742377a2469986378c325a3e52703c81 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [heading] Attorney problems complicate Spaziano case [start of the first column] A convicted killer scheduled for execution Sept. 21 in Florida’s electric chair is being represented during what may be the last three weeks of his life by an attorney who is teaching full time at a Vermont law school and has no assistance here. Joseph Spaziano’s attorney, Michael Mello, must work on the case without the usual support staff because the organization that does that work has lost its funding and is closing down. [end of the first column] [start of the second column] “This is an innocent guy in the middle of a very complex factual investigation,” Mello said. “He’s about to be executed in three weeks and for all practical purposes, he doesn’t have a lawyer.” Complicating Mello’s ability to provide a defense is that new investigative information about the case has been ordered confidential by Gox. Lawton Chiles. Dexter Douglass, Chiles’ clemency attorney, says all those arguments are simply defense tactics. [end of the second column] [start of the third column] Spaziano, who will be 50 on Sept. 12, is accused of the 1973 murder of Orlando nurse Laura Lynn Harberts, whose sexually mutilated body was found in a trash dump near Altamonte Springs, a suburb of Orlando. Spaziano, a former member of the Outlaw motorcycle gang, was convicted primarily on the testimony of a man named Tony Dilisio and Harberts’ roommate, who told authorities she heard Harberts talking on the phone with a man named Joe before she was murdered. Spaziano had been under his fourth death warrant in June when Dilidio told The Miami Herald that he gave his [end of the third column] See Spaziano on Page 2B [heading] Spaziano Continued from Page 1B [start of the fourth column] Testimony under hypnosis. Testimony taken under hypnosis was admissible in Florida at the time, but is no longer. Chiles stayed the execution and asked the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to investigate Dilisio’d comments. The FDLE report was submitted to Chiles several weeks ago and a new death warrant was signed last week. Chiles will not release the contents of the FDLE report, but Douglass said it confirms Spaziano’s guilt. “That information is not going to become public at any time,” Douglass said. “We don’t need that information, just the findings from 15 court decisions that these are legal sentences.” The day after the warrant was signed, the Volunteer Lawyers Post-Conviction Defender Organization notified Mello that because of a $1.5 million cut in federal funding, it will shut down Sept. 30. The organization has been ordered by its directors to stop working on cases immediately. That left Mello, who started teaching classes the following day, without any Florida lawyers working with him and without the services of Stephen Gustat, the organization investigator who was doing research for him. Jennider Greenberg, the organization’s co-director, ex- [end of the fourth column] [start of the fifth column] plained the problem to Mello in an Aug. 28 letter. “We tried our best to inform the governor’s people about the impossibility of us representing or assisting pro bono counsel in representing anyone under an active death warrant during this phase in our existence,” Greenberg wrote. “Inexplicably, the governor chose to seek Joe’s execution nonetheless.” The Office of Capital Collateral Representatives, the state agency that represents most Death Row inmates in Florida, cannot defend Spaziano because it has a conflict in the case. Mello said that in his 12 years of defending death row inmates, he has never faced a situation like this. “I thought I had seen it all,” he said. “I’ve never had my whole investigative arm evaporate on the eve of a fifth death warrant in the face of a whitewash, fraudulent and now secret police investigation that the governor’s counsel has lied about, when I am representing an innocent man.” Douglass said Mello is just trying to create an issue in a losing case, and that he does have an investigator – he said the news media have helped investigate the case. Meanwhile, Mello has asked The Florida Bar and the state Supreme Court for advice. “I have real reservations about whether I can render effective counsel,” he said. “Joe has a right to counsel in Florida. I don’t know that I can give it to him. But if I withdraw, he has no lawyer. Yet without investigation, I’m nothing but the illusion of a lawyer. I just don’t know what to do.” [end of the fifth column] [end of the article] Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Treese, Paige Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Attorney problems complicate Spaziano case Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greenberg, David Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Gainesville Sun Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-3 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource Attorney Michael Mello is left with little time or support to work on Joseph Spaziano's case after the organization supporting Mello on the case is shut down only three weeks before Spaziano's execution. https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/c5ba5ad7f0182243b86a10af5b11feac.jpg 030a3c0961a5b85fa105030d5e3658f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [heading] Reveal report on Spaziano [start of the first column] Gov. Lawton Chiles should reveal the substance of a special state investigation of the evidence used to convict Death Row resident Joseph Spaziano. The Florida Department of Law Enforcement compiled that report at the request of Mr. Chiles as he was considering a clemency request. Mr. Spaziano's attorney, Michael Mello, says his client should not have been convicted of murder in the death 22 years ago of Laura Lynn Harberts. Mr. Chiles has no authority to overturn Mr. Spaziano's conviction. That is the province of the court system – which, in several appeals at both the state and federal levels, has found no reason to do so. If Mr. Chiles were to be convinced that Mr. Spaziano was wrongly convicted, though, he could reduce – or even throw out – the sentence. Instead, after reviewing the FDLE report, Mr. Chiles was convinced that Mr. Spaziano's conviction was just. In fact, what new evidence was found supported the jury's verdict in that heinous crime. Understandably, Mr. Mello would like to [end of the first column] [start of the second column] see that FDLE report. It's true that it was Mr. Mello's choice to seek redress through the governor, and it's true – as Mr. Mello surely must have known – that the clemency procedure affords the governor the right to keep that information private. Mr. Chiles' concern is for the safety of those who spoke with the FDLE, several of whom did so on the condition that they not be identified. Mr Spaziano, after all, was a member of a motorcycle gang notorious for violent retribution. Still, a man's life is at stake. If his life is to be taken in the name of the public, the public has a right to know on the strength of what information that is being done. The best solution would be for Mr. Chiles to release a summary of the FDLE's findings that would not identify – nor potentially put into jeopardy – the source of the information but would make clear why he believes that there is no reason to grant clemency to Mr. Spaziano. This, after all, isn't a trial. Mr. Spaziano had his trial – 20 years ago. [end of the second column] [end of article] Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Snead, Andrew Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reveal report on Spaziano Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-05 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Orlando, FL Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Chiles, Lawton, 1930-1998 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Orlando Sentinel Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Orlando (FL) Sentinel. "Reveal Report on Spaziano." September 5, 1995. Description An account of the resource Governor Lawton Chiles should release a summary of the Florida Department of Law Enforcement report that he used to determine that Spaziano's murder conviction was just. Michael A. Mello https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/775107f4638603772daa3115f1622cf1.jpg d780a6a7358666fcd8c0940e5d9ab6e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [heading] Spaziano insists he's innocent <ul> <li>The Florida Supreme Court will hear arguments today in the case of the rape-murder convict scheduled to die Sept. 21.</li> </ul> By Ron Word [start of the first column] STARKE -- Outlaws motorcycle gang member Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano grows quiet when asked about his impending death in the electric chair for the rape, mutilation and murder of a teenage hospital clerk. He rubs his handcuffed hands against his chin and tears fill his eyes as he proclaims his innocence. [Image of Spaziano] "I'm not guilty of no murder. I'm not guilty of no rape," Spaziano said in an hourlong prison interview Wednesday just two weeks before his scheduled Sept. 21 execution. "The only thing Im guilt of is smoking a few reefers," he said from behind a glass partition. Unless his last-minute appeals are successful, Spaziano will be put to death for the 1973 rape, torture, murder and mutilation of Laura Lynn Harberts, an 18-year-old Orlando woman. "I don't know the girl, I know nothing about it," the heavily tattooed Spaziano said. Spaziano, 49, who wears a skull and crossbones ring and has the same emblem with the name of the Outlaws tattooed on the inner side of his right arm, believes he was framed because of his membership in the gang. "I never took the stand. Who would believe an Outlaw?" he said. "There were so many lies. I figured a higher court would see that." Spaziano has shaved his head, something he said he has done after all five of his death warrants. He did not want prison guards to do it in preparation for his electrocution. "So they don't have to touch my head. I don't like people to touch me," he said. [end of the first column] [start of the second column] Spaziano had been scheduled to die in June, but Gov. Lawton Chiles delayed the execution after Spaziano's attorney Michael Mello raised questions about Spaziano's guilt. Oral arguments in his appeal are scheduled today before the Florida Supreme Court. Anthony DiLisio, the star witness against Spaziano, has said he lied when he testified Spaziano allowed him the bodies of Ms. Harberts and another woman at a Seminole Count Dump. Dilisio, 38 and living in Pensacola, now says the information came from police, who had him hypnotized to help his memory. After interviewing DiLisio and conducting an investigation, the Florida Department of Law Enforcement issued a secret report to Chiles that persuaded him to sign a new death warrant. "I really thought the governor was looking at my case," Spaziano said. Several witnesses linked Spaziano to Ms. Harberts and the dump where the decayed bodies were found Aug. 22, 1971. But DiLisio, who has a long history of alcohol and drug abuse, was the only one who could directly connect Spaziano to the bodies. The governor has refused to release the secret report, saying he didn't want to reveal the names of confidential witnesses. The report reportedly contains allegations that a witness tied Spaziano to two murders and another rape. Spaziano, who got a life sentence in an unrelated 1975 rape conviction, has spect much of his 19 years on death row drawing and painting cartoon characters. He is especially fond of Mickey Mouse and other Disney characters. He also likes to paint pictures of motorcycles and their riders. Since being placed in a cell just steps from Florida's electric chair, "Old Sparky." Spaziano said, he has been restless. "Every day is hard. I've got to get ready for it," he said. "I'm just waiting to die. I do a lot of walking back and forth. I don't sleep much. "I want to get as much life in as I can. People can sleep when they are dead." [end of article] Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Dacey, Rachel Student Editor of the Digital Item Dickinson, Terra Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano insists he's innocent Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joe Capital Punishment Description An account of the resource Spaziano later claims his innocence in court and Gov. Lawton Chiles delayed Spaziano's execution based on this information. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Word, Ron Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-05 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Capital punishment. death penalty Gov. Lawton Chiles Michael A. Mello https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/92bafda947dbce6f5691f54abb17418e.jpg cd6a5afd0ffce16caa724792b271758d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano speaks out about his execution Subject The topic of the resource Capital Punishment--Florida Spaziano, Joseph. Description An account of the resource Joseph Spaziano sentenced to death without last-minute defense effort in Florida, still claiming his innocence. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greenberg, David Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Greenberg, David. “Spaziano speaks out against execution.” The Gainesville Sun, September, 6 1995. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Gainesville Sun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPGs, 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Starke, FL https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/6d4e624121419d6436df48cb59f58164.jpg b762735389c4e852c25d053a6e0c313c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano speaks out about his execution Subject The topic of the resource Capital Punishment Spaziano, Joe Description An account of the resource Although it is uncommon for lawyers to allow inmates facing execution media interviews, Spazianos lawyers hope to spark interest in his case. Spaziano claims he's not believed about his innocence because he was in a biker gang, the Outlaws. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greenberg, David Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Greenberg, David. “Spaziano speaks out against his execution.” Gainesville Sun, September 6, 1995. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG, 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Starke, FL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Vol. No./Issue No. Volume and issue number for the newspaper (if available) vol. 68, issue 5 Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Lewandowski, Maggie Text Any textual data included in the document [start page] [heading] Spaziano speaks out about his execution Budget cuts are closing the organization that would have done much of his legal work. By David Greenberg [Image] David Greenberg [caption] Joseph Spaziano struggles for words at Florida State Prison on Tuesday morning as he talks about his execution scheduled for Sept. 21. [start of the first column] STARKE -- During a rare interview at Florida State Prison on Tuesday, Joseph Spaziano reflected on life in the Outlaw motorcycle gang, described 20 years on Death Row and criticized the people who control his fate. If executed as scheduled in two weeks, Spaziano will be the first Death Row inmate to die without benefit of a serious last-minute defense effort since the death [end of the first column] [start of the second column] penalty was reinstated in Florida in 1976. He was sentenced to die for the 1973 murder of Orlando nurse Laura Lynn Harberts. The day before Spaziano's fifth and most recent death warrant was signed by Gov. Lawton Chiles, the Volunteer Lawyers Post-Conviction Defender Organization announced that federal budget cuts were forcing it to close. The organization would have done the investigative work and much of the legal work for Spaziano's last-minute appeals. [end of the second column] [start of the third column] "There's no one to help me, " Spaziano said Tuesday during a 45-minute interview. When Spaziano talked about his next -- and maybe his last -- few weeks, he grew quiet, rubbed his shackled hands against his face and fought back tears. It was the only time during the interview that the small man with the shaved head and furry eyebrows seemed uncomfortable. He raised his tattooed arms to his face in a seeming effort to hide. He insists that he did not kill Harberts. "No, I didn't do it," he said. "During a TV interview, I was asked that about 40 times. I didn't do it, I didn't even know her. [end of the third column] [start of the fourth column] "I've been telling the truth for 20 years, and they won't believe me," he said. "Now the kid who put me in here is telling the truth, and they don't want to believe him. What is there to say? What can I do? Mike's doing the best job he can, but I'm in trouble." Spaziano's attorney is Michael Mello, a University of Vermont law professor who normally would have help from the volunteer lawyers' organization. The law says Spaziano has the right to counsel in Florida. But Mello and others familiar with the case question whether he has it. And there's no case law on such a circumstance. [end of the fourth column] See SPAZIANO on Page 3B [end page] [[start page]] SPAZIANO continued from Page 1B [start of the first column] Spaziano's strongest criticism is aimed at Chiles, his staff and the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. "I really believed after he stayed my fourth warrant that this guy was for real," he said. "But they're all the same. No one in Tallahassee likes me." Dexter Douglass, Chiles' clemency attorney, says Spaziano's comments --- along with Mello's protests --- are all part of the defense's strategy. "There's been no showing made by anybody that this man is entitled to clemency," Douglass said. Spaziano suggests that the is in this position now because of his background as an Outlaw. "It's because of what I am," he said. "I was a biker. I rode with the Outlaws. But I was clean. All I ever did was smoke reefer. If they want me to confess that I smoke reefer, I will. I asked the judge if he wanted to [end of the first column] [start of the second column] smoke before he sentenced me." With an overworked defense attorney at his original trial, Spaziano opted to not take the stand. "I figured no one would believe an Outlaw," he said. "I figured that it would be better when I got to a higher court, but no one would listen." For the last 20 years, Spaziano hasn't been a biker. He's been a Florida Death Row inmate. To occupy his time for the last 20 years, Spaziano has painted. "I did it from the time the cell lights went on until they went off each night," he said. "I'm a cartoon freak. I painted Disney characters and Easy Rider (biking) stuff. I would send them to my people, and they would send me canteen money for cigarettes." It's almost unheard of for lawyers to allow inmates facing execution' to grant media interviews. It never happens without attorneys present. But Mello and Spaziano are doing it to spark interest in the case. And Mello, who started teaching two weeks ago, must allow Spaziano to do it alone. "I don't know what else to do," Mello said in a phone interview from Vermont. [end of the second column] [start of the third column] Spaziano who will turn 50 on Tuesday, was arrested nearly two years after Halberts' sexually mutilated body was found in a trash dump near Altamonte Springs, a suburb of Orlando. He was found guilty by a jury that recommended life in prison. The judge overturned the recommendation and sentenced Spaziano to death. During Spaziano's fourth death warrant last June, the main witness against him, Tony Dills, said he gave his testimony under hypnosis --- no longer acceptable in Florida courts. As a result, Chiles stayed Spaziano's execution and asked the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to investigate. The results of that investigation are known only to FDLE, the governor and his legal aides, but were enough to sign a new death warrant. Chiles will not release the information in the FDLE report. That leaves Spaziano with a lot of questions. "I wonder about the governor," he said. "I wonder why he wants to kill me. Who has the answer to that? Only one man, and he won't say." [end of the third column] [[end page]] Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano speaks out about his execution Language A language of the resource English Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Spaziano, Joe Description An account of the resource Two weeks before Spaziano's scheduled execution, he insists his innocence in the murder of Laura Lynn Harberts. Spaziano feels helpless as he is declined a last-minute defense effort by the state of Florida. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greenberg, David Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Greenberg, David. “Spaziano speaks out against his execution.” Gainesville Sun, September 6, 1995. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-06 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Starke, FL Against Execution Innocent Joseph Spaziano https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/d6d165983bbdabe83da711ec4422a13a.jpg 266334acd6cf6cbb34027a1a96fe4e62 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper article Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Hildebrand, Paige Text Any textual data included in the document [heading] 'Crazy Joe' lawyers to square off today By Mark Silva Capital Bureau Chief [start of the first column] TALLAHASSEE - Florida's Supreme Court today will examine the case of "Crazy Joe" Spaziano, who faces the electric chair in two weeks, although it is unclear what the court is looking for in unexpected oral arguments. "It's not real clear to me, to tell you the truth," said Michael Mello, Spaziano's lawyer, who has filed several 11th-hour pleadings. "I really have only one argument in this case, which is they got the wrong guy." After nearly 20 years on Death Row, Spaziano is slated for execution Sept. 21 for the murder Laura Lynn Harberts, an 18-year-old hospital clerk whose skeletal remains were found in August 1973 with the remains of another, still unidentified 19-year-old woman among garbage strewn in woods near Orlando. The case rested on one witness. Recently, that witness, Tony DiLisio, claimed he lied at the 1976 trial when he said Spaziano had shown him the bodies. DiLisio now says his testimony was coerced. New death warrant Gov. Lawton Chiles postponed Spaziano's execution, giving the Florida Department of Law Enforcement time to investigate DiLisio's story. But after the FDLE reported that DiLisio had implicated Spaziano numerous times in conversations with friends, and that Spaziano had implicated himself in a jail house talk with another convict, Chiles signed a new death warrant. The investigation remains secret. Citing the confidentiality of clemency cases, the governor has refused to make public that FDLE report or the names of the people interviewed. The Supreme Court has [end of the first column] [start of the second column] reviewed Spaziano's case before. This is his fifth death warrant signed by three governors; Gov. Bob Graham signed one in 1985, Gov. Bob Martinez in 1989 and 1990, Chiles in May and August. In scheduling a hearing today at 2 p.m., the court has advised lawyers only that it wants to hear arguments on "all pending matters." Spaziano's lawyer has filed several motions. These include request to delay the execution, request for a new trial and a plea to reopen the appeal of Spaziano's sentence that was heard years ago. They include request to see the FDLE's report, and to provide money for Spaziano's defense - which Mello, a Vermont law school professor, has been handling from afar. Prepared to argue Mello will arrive at the court today prepared to argue for all of this. "I would have liked to have known whether there was anything in particular they were looking for," Mellow said Wednesday from his home in Vermont. "This is their meeting. I didn't ask for a hearing." The attorney general's office, arguing for Spaziano's execution, hasn't been given any more advance warning of the court's interests today. "There is just so much in all those motions, I think the court wants to have an opportunity to let them be heard," said Carolyn Snurkowski, the assistant attorney general appearing in court today. Supreme Court Clerk Did White suggest the ball actually is in Mello's court. "I think they will probably wait on Mike and see what he puts his attention on," White said. [end article] Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 'Crazy Joe' lawyers to square off today Subject The topic of the resource Lawyers Mello, Michael Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Silva, Mark Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 7, 1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Florida Description An account of the resource Michael Mello prepares to argue for Spaziano's innocence in Florida's Supreme Court two weeks before Spaziano's death sentence is carried through. https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/f1200e9d4a4664fddfa45eddbc62cb90.jpg 4826dfd71c59872698ce3abd2c037242 https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/76ea6ff2d3755e9ec5437f91965c7689.jpg f2d7b8ad065390bb59f35655e3f18cfc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [heading] The supreme question [subheading] Hear for 'Crazy Joe' The State Supreme Court today weights a case that never should have reached death's brink. [start of the first column] Today the Florida Supreme Court will hear, possibly for the last time, the simple, compelling case against the execution of Joseph Spaziano. If the justices consider the full, dismal story of Spaziano's trail, conviction, sentencing, appeals, and impending execution. They will pull the brake, just in time, on an accelerating injustice. If they don't, a person whose guilt was never proved -- in any ordinary, logical sense of the word -- will die in Florida's electric chair just after sunrise two weeks from today. The state will have killed a man without any credible proof that he committed a capital crime. As reporter Lori Rozsa set out in detail in yesterday's Herald, the twisted story of "Crazy Joe" Spaziano is not the stuff of sentimental Hollywood movies. Head of the aptly named Outlaw Motorcycle Club, Spaziano's contributions to society were unwholesome at best. But in 1975 he was found guilty of the ultimate crime, a gruesome torture-rape-murder, based entirely on the say-so of ne wily teenage drug addict named Anthony DiLisio. Guesswork and improvisation Mr. DiLiso's testimony was contradictory from the start. Most of it was cooked up under hypnosis -- at the hands of a hypnotist who previously had helped manufacture at least two false murder convictions. The scarcity of corroborating information -- no eyewitnesses, no physical evidence, not even a known cause of death -- gave the whole proceeding a noxious odor of guesswork and improvisation. Mr. DiLisio now admits what many people already suspected: He made the whole thing up. He never saw any bodies, never heard Spaziano boast of the crime, never suspected Crazy Joe of murder. He did it, he says, to please his father (who had a grudge against Spaziano), to impress police, and to get himself out of a juvenile detention center. Yet even after weighing all this, Gov. [end of the first column] [start of the second column] Lawton Chiles last month came to the astonishing conclusion that none of it matters. On Aug. 24 he ordered the execution to proceed. His rationale lies buried in a secret Florida Department of Law Enforcement report whose partially revealed contents are flecked with self-contradictions, innuendo, and irrelevance. Worse, Spaziano's pro-bono lawyer -- like nearly all lawyers representing indigent clients on Death Row -- no longer has an investigator working for him. Government funding for such services was terminated on Aug. 24 -- the day the governor signed Spaziano's current death warrant. Press reports, the attorney says, are now his only was of scrutinizing the state's case. Three questions for the court Now Just 14 days from an irreversible conclusion to this matter, the Supreme Court has invited lawyers in for one last set of arguments. Here, then, is a final opportunity for the court to ask, in behalf of all Floridians, the elementary questions that haunt this case" Is there any reason to continue believing Tony DiLisio's weird, hypnotically induced 1975 testimony? Is there any reason to believe him now, when with evident anguish, he claims to have sent an innocent man to Death Row? But the court shouldn't stop there. It also needs to answer a third question, only broadly related to Spaziano's case: Can the State continue to administer a death penalty with integrity when most of those on Death Row will have no means for effective representation? Until it can answer that question, the court will be hard-pressed, morally at least, to let any execution proceed. Joe Spaziano's guilt or innocence is unknown. The Supreme Court needs to face that reality and stop the death train. Then it needs to ask: Who will prevent the next such error? Spaziano's worrisome ordeal dare not become the prologue to an era of death sentences without effective counsel. [end of the second column] [[ The image is of Joseph Spaziano speaking through a glass barrier. This image was taken by the Associated Press.]] PRISON INTERVIEW: Joseph Spaziano talks about his case at Florida State Prison. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Browning, Abbey Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The supreme question Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Herald Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Herald. "The supreme question." The Miami Herald, September 7, 1995. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Miami, FL Description An account of the resource This newspaper article discusses Joseph Spaziano's appeal to the Florida Supreme Court that was schedule the day of the newspaper article's release. The article also describes the flaws in the case against Joseph Spaziano. https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/6ecad343f326e5b7ba0c041cc9961f6e.jpg 5b2b91a80ca370889702f00f382976da https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/eb404990baa8961b7066e270f4a1a2e2.jpg da61ef5399f36cb5c656d72c0cabe105 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latest Spaziano appeal before high court today Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Ferrell, Claudine Text Any textual data included in the document [Start of the first page] [Heading] Latest Spaziano appeal before high court today [subheading] The death row inmate is still claiming his innocence in the slaying of an 18-year-old. By Michael Griffin Tallahassee Bureau Chief [first column] TALLAHASSEE – Florida’s Supreme Court will listen today as a lawyer for Joseph “Crazy Joe” Spaziano makes his latest courtroom bid to save the former biker from execution for a murder he swears he did not commit. Spaziano, convicted in 1976 of killing Orlando hospital clerk Laura Lynn Harberts, has had four ap- [end of the first column] [start of the second column] peals rejected by the state’s high court, but hopes a key witness’s changed version of events may save his life. Justices will hear arguments from lawyers for Spaziano and the state to determine whether it should re-hear one of the four earlier appeals it rejected. Spaziano also has had two appeals denied by the U.S. Supreme Court. While Spaziano’s execution is scheduled, several issues remain unresolved, including whether: <ul> <li>Gov. Lawton Chiles can keep secret a Florida Department of Law Enforcement report on Spa- </li> </ul> [end of the second column] [Image] Associated Press [Caption] 'They are trying to murder me,' Joseph Spaziano says during an interview at Florida State Prison in Starke. [end of the first page] [start of the second page] [Heading] Harberts’ father afraid Spaziano will win appeal SPAZIANO for D-1 [start of the first column] ziano that he read before signing the latest death warrant. <ul> <li>Spaziano’s out-of-state attorney can adequately represent him.</li> <li>Arguments of innocence can be raised almost 20 years after a jury convicted Spaziano and a judge sentence him to death.</li> </ul> Spaziano’s lawyer, Vermont law Professor Michael Mello, could not be reached for comment Wednesday. He and Spaziano have refused to talk to The Orlando Sentinel, accusing its reporters and editors of bias against Spaziano. In an interview with The Associated Press, Spaziano said he is innocent of both the 1973 murder of Harberts and a 1974 Orange County rape for which he is serving a life sentence. Spaziano, 49, said he is terrified at the prospect of death in Florida’s electric chair. “I’m not guilty of no murder. I’m not guilty of no rape,” he said in a prison interview Wednesday, just two weeks before his scheduled execution. “They are trying to murder me,” he said [end of the first column] [start of the second column] from behind a glass partition. “I get afraid.” Art Harberts, father of Laura Harberts, said Wednesday that he is afraid Spaziano will survive the death warrant—his fifth under three governors—and eventually win release from prison. “When is there going to be the end of this thing?” Harberts said. “It’s all about him. It’s all about Joe, the victim. They don’t even think about the other victims, the murders and the rapes he did. Orange County investigators Spaziano a suspect in at least three unsolved rapes and two murders—the death of June Louise Kennedy, 55, and Karen Ann Dupuis, 21. Both bodies were dumped within two miles of a dump near Altamont Springs where the remains of Harberts and another unidentified woman were found on Aug. 27, 1973. Harberts, 18, was last seen alive on Aug. 5 of that year. Several witnesses, including the hospital worker’s roommate, tied Spaziano to Harberts. Other witnesses, including friends of Spaziano and fellow bikers, tied him to the dump. But it was Anthony Dilisio, a Maitland teen who idolized Spaziano, who linked the [end of the second column] [start of the third column] [[words--boxed]]: When is there going to be the end to this thing? It’s all about him. It’s all about Joe, the victim. They don’t even think about the other victims, the murders and the rapes he did. – Art Harberts, Laura’s father biker to the decomposed body of Harberts. He told police that Spaziano bragged about raping and mutilating the woman and finally took him to the dump to display Harberts’ body. In June, Dilisio told The Miami Herald that he had lied 20 years ago and that Spaziano had never taken him to the dump or showed him any bodies. Chiles stayed that execution and ordered the FDLE to investigate Dilisio’s claims. [end of the third column] [start of the fourth column] Agents reported that Dilisio told several people about going to the dump long before police appeared and hypnotized him to enhance his recall. They also quoted a biker now under federal protection who said Spaziano confessed to him while in prison. After reviewing the report and watching an FDLE videotaped interview with Dilisio, Chiles signed the death warrant. He ordered the FDLE report kept secret to protect witnesses who said they feared retaliations. Mello has asked the Supreme Court to stay the execution on the basis of Dilisio’s new version of events. He also hopes to force Chiles to open the files so he can interview the witnesses. But Mello has also filed papers indicating he lacks the money, time and support staff to adequately defend a man fighting for his life. On that basis, he asked the court whether he should continue as Spaziano’s attorney. If the court grants a re-hearing of the case, Spaziano’s execution could be delayed. If justices refuse to intervene, Spaziano may have run out of appeals. [end of the article] Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latest Spaziano appeal before high court today Description An account of the resource The Florida supreme court will hear a request to reconsider an appeal of convicted murderer Joseph Spaziano. The murder victim's father and Spaziano's attorney Michael Mello express differing concerns about Spaziano's case. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Griffin, Michael Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Griffin, Michael. "Latest Spaziano Appeal before High Court Today." Orlando Sentinel, September 7, 1995, D-1 and D-5. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-07 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, FL Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joe Chiles, Lawton, 1930-1998 https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/19ade6d44a0f045ec0f79519d27bc3d1.jpg 8bbd12820a2d3e413963d953ce6932c7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [header] Spaziano awaits decision [start of the first column} TALLAHASSEE -- An attorney for Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano asked the state Supreme Court for a chance to prove his client is innocent in the murder sending him to the electric chair in two weeks. A lawyer for the state, however, urged the justices not to stay Spaziano's execution on "mere speculation." After bearing oral arguments Thursday, Florida's high court will make a decision at its own discretion; Spaziano, 49, is scheduled to be executed Sept. 21 for the murder of a n Orlando woman 22 years ago. During the hourlong hearing, justices and lawyers had exchanges about testimony at a trial held nearly 20 years ago, about judicial procedure, about the role of the state's high court in reviewing capital cases. "The proceeding before us has taken a rather free form," Justice Harry Lee Anstead told Spaziano attorney Michael Mello. "This is the way you have approached this case before the court, and it's obviously causing us considerable difficulty." Mello, a Vermont law professor, has filed hundreds of pages of pleadings before Florida's high court, but he began his presentation [end of the first column] [start of the second column] [quote] "If I had an opportunity to prove Mr. Spaziano's innocence before a jury, he would be acquitted." -Attorney Michael Mello [text resumes] by telling justices that all the issues were secondary because his client did not kill Laura Lynn Harberts. The 18-year-old hospital clerk's body was found in an Altamonte Springs dump in August 1973. "I believe that if I had an opportunity to prove Mr. Spaziano's innocence before a jury, he would be acquitted," Mello said. "All I'm asking for . . . is a stay of execution and the provision of resources." Anthony Dilisio, a key prosecution witness in Spaziano's trial, recanted his testimony earlier this year, prompting Gov. Lawton Chiles [end of the second column] [start of the third column] to suspend Spaziano's fourth death warrant. However, after an investigation by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement into the recent comments by Dilisio, Chiles said he had no doubts about the case and signed a fifth death warrant last month. Mello questioned the reliability of the FDLE investigation, which he governor has refused to release, as "supersecret information that supposedly reliable witnesses supposedly told FDLE that supposedly correctly-reported to the governor." But Anstead questioned the strength of Mello's appeal before Florida's high court. "I can't imagine new evidence more substantial than a disavowal of the critical testimony by the witness," Mello answered. If Mello had filed the proper motion in trial court, he would have been required to meet two tests, Anstead said. The first test is whether the recanted testimony was substantial enough to undercut Spaziano's conviction; the second is whether the issue should have been raised earlier. Anstead asked Mello if he could have jumped through "those two ordinary hoops." Justice Ben Overton then interrupted the attorney, asking why he had not presented an affidavit from Dilisio recanting his testimony. [[shot of Spaziano speaking through glass in prison visiting area by Dede Smith from The Gainesville Sun]] Joseph Spaziano talks Wednesday at Florida State Prison about his execution scheduled for Sept. 21. [end of the article] Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Vol. No./Issue No. Volume and issue number for the newspaper (if available) vol. 68, issue 5 Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. McGowan, Khayla Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano awaits decision Subject The topic of the resource Capital punishment Spaziano, Joseph Description An account of the resource This newspaper article discusses Joe Spaziano's last minute appeal to the courts to stay his execution, scheduled for September 21, 1995, thirteen days after the article's publishing. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Associated Press Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Associated Press. "Spaziano Awaits Decision." The Gainesville Sun, September 8, 1995. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-08 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 1 JPG 300 DPI Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, FL https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/fad88b708bceddb7aa8a93368c8a14dd.jpg 09f25c16eda74646e998420f29320382 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [header]  State News [Title]  Spaziano case has court in quandary By Larry Kaplow Palm Beach Post Capital Bureau [start of the first column] Tallahassee-Tensions over the controversial death sentence of Outlaws gang member Joe Spaziano surfaced in heated arguments Thursday as the Florida Supreme Court wrestled with the apparent reversal of the key witness in the 20-year-old case. The case has defied legal procedures, with its late-breaking recantation by witness Anthony Dilisio, and the subsequent investigation that Gov. Lawton Chiles is keeping secret but said prompted him to sign Spaziano's death warrant last month. Execution is scheduled for Sept. 21. Spaziano was convicted of the 1973 Seminole County murder of 18-year-old Laura Lynn Harberts, whose badly decomposed body was found alongside another corpse near a trash dump. His volunteer attorney asked the court to cancel the execution and give him enough money to hire an investigator to look into the new information. The court could rule anytime. As an assistant attorney general agreed against a stay, Supreme Court justices testily asked about a videotape, somehow leaked to Spaziano's attorney and of Dilisio telling Chiles' investigators that police led him to give the hypnotically induced testimony about going with Soaziano to see the victim's corpse. "Apparently there us an allegation out there, and a very strong one, that the prime witness against the defendant in this particular case has now related his testimony," Justice Gerald Kogan [end of the first column] [Start of the second column] said. "What do we do as a court? Do we sot back and say, 'OK... that's tough Mr. Spaziano, we're going to electrocute you because of all these (procedural) thing you should have done before?'" But they also had tough questions for Spaziano attorney Michael Mell about the "free form" of his defenses through the courts and why he hasn't obtained a sworn statement from Dilisio recanting his trial testimony. Mello, a law professor in Vermont, said Dilisio refused to cooperate years ago and he wants to try to hire an investigator to give it another try. By the original prosecutor's own admission, the case relied almost completely on the testimony of DiLisio, then a troubled teenage Outlaws groupie. But, when he couldn't remember an alleged trip to view the victim with a boastful Spaziano, police had him hypnotized and led him on at least some of the details. Recent report in The Miami Herald quoted Dilisio as saying that he was coerced into the testimony. That prompted Chiles to delay an order for his execution in June. But Chiles sent investigators to talk to Dilisio and others. Chiles aides said they found others in the Outlaws' circles who claimed to hear Dilisio talk about seeing the bodies before he had been hypnotized for the trail. Chiles won't release interviews, however, maintaining the Outlaws might retaliate against the witnesses. Mello obtained a copy of the videotaped interview Florida Department of Law Enforcement investigators held with Dilisio and turned it over the supreme court. In its, DiLiso and turned it over to the Supreme Court. In it, Dilisio, said the first time he can recall doing to the site of the bodies was when police took him there. [end of the second column] [end of the article] Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano case has court in quandary Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joseph Capital punishment Description An account of the resource There are major tensions over Joseph Spaziano's case because the key-witness in the 20 year old case reversed his testimony. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kaplow, Larry Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Palm Beach Post Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-08 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 300 dpi 1 JPG Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Florida https://hist299.umwhistory.org/files/original/101e67a8d4176eaaee3ea7807a71203a.jpg fc7b13024720bfe3545645213ec1cc54 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael A. Mello Papers, Series 1 News Clippings, Binder 4 Text Text Any textual data included in the document [header] Spaziano's attorney asks court to halt execution By Diane Rado Times Staff Writer [start of the first column] Tallahassee – The attorney for Joseph “Crazy Joe” Spaziano appealed to Florida’s highest court on Thursday for a last-minute chance to prove his client’s innocence. “Mr. Spaziano is innocent, factually innocent, and I want to be very clear about that,” attorney Michael Mello argued before the Florida Supreme Court. “I believe if I had the opportunity to prove Mr. Spaziano’s innocence to a jury he would be acquitted.” Spaziano is scheduled to be executed Sept. 21 for the 1973 murder of Orlando hospital clerk Laura Lynn Harberts, 18. Thursday’s hearing was sometimes passionate and philosophical about the issues that arise as the clock ticks down toward an execution. Among other things, Mello has asked the court to halt the execution, make public a secret police investigation that led to a fifth death warrant for Spaziano, and give Spaziano a new hearing based on the recantation of testimony from the state’s star witness of some 20 years ago. “If they’ve (the state) got the evidence, if it’s so great, let them present it to the jury. If they want to convict him, if they want to kill ‘em, let them do it the old-fashioned way,” Mello said. The state objected to a stay of execution and questioned whether Mello should be arguing before the Supreme Court at all. Justices also asked Mello whether the proper avenue would be to send the case back to the trial court to determine whether a new trial is necessary. For that to occur, Mello would need to present new evidence and the reason why that evidence has not been presented before. Mello said he does have new critical evidence: a recantation from Anthony DiLisio, who told reporters and the Florida Department of Law Enforcement this summer that it was police – not Spaziano – who took him to a dump where Harbert’s body was found. DiLisio now says he was [end of the first column] [start of the second column] manipulated, hypnotized, and possibly drugged by police when he gave his earlier testimony, which provided a crucial link between Spaziano and the crime scene. Justice Ben Overton questioned whether DiLisio had actually recanted under oath. Mello said he did provide the court a videotape of the FDLE’s interview of DiLisio this summer. But a transcript of that tape does not indicate DiLisio was under oath. Mello told the justices that the governor’s office may have a different version of the videotape. Gov. Lawton Chiles has refused to release the FDLE investigation of Spaziano that led to a fifth death warrant, fearing that witnesses would be in danger. “That doesn’t mean you can’t go to him and get an affidavit does it?” Overton asked. Mello argued that he needs resources to represent Spaziano, specifically to hire an investigator who could talk to DiLisio and look into other aspects of the case. Assistant attorney general Margene Roper said she doesn’t believe DiLisio’s recantation and that it would be inappropriate at this stage to provide funding for further investigation of the case. Any investigation should have been completed by now, she said. But Justice Gerald Kogan said: “Apparently there is an allegation out there – and a strong one – that the prime witness against the defendant in this particular case has recanted his testimony. “What do we do as a court? Do we sit back and say, okay, you know, counsel didn’t do the job they should have done . . . so tough, Mr. Spaziano, we’re going to electrocute you because all of these things should have been done before.” Kogan also noted that Spaziano had no luck with clemency. “The fact of the matter is, the governor has already investigated this. The governor has a report that the governor refuses to release to anybody . . .” Kogan said. The Supreme Court can act at any time on Mello’s motions. [end of the second column] [Under image at center of page] Michael Mello told the Supreme Court his client is innocent of murder. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Contributor of the Digital Item Person submitting the digital item to the collection. Spencer, Jacob Student Editor of the Digital Item Williams, Megan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spaziano's attorney asks court to halt execution Description An account of the resource Joe Spaziano's attorney, Michael Mello, appeals the Florida Supreme Court to halt the execution. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available HIST 298, University of Mary Washington Language A language of the resource English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rado, Diane Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The materials in this online collection are held by Special Collections, Simpson Library, University of Mary Washington and are available for educational use. For this purpose only, you may reproduce materials without prior permission on the condition that you provide attribution of the source. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Tallahassee, Florida Subject The topic of the resource Spaziano, Joe Capital punishment Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Rado, Diane. “Spaziano's attorney asks court to halt execution.” September 8, 1995. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1995-09-08 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 JPGs 300 DPI capital punishment death penalty Joe Spaziano